Monday, 17 June 2013

Connectify Dispatch - software load balances network adaptors

Beyond the Hotspot software that comprises the bulk of its business, Connectify makes another utility for laptop enthusiasts: Dispatch.

Connectify Dispatch works by simultaneously leveraging the multiple network adapters and high-speed USB ports available on modern systems to boost bandwidth and reliability. Each Internet connection you add to Dispatch's list of active adapters increases potential download speeds and provides automatic failover in the case one of the connections fails. For the most part, this works swimmingly. However, there's a bit of the devil in the details.

Setup is straightforward and largely automatic. Users are presented with a window that lists available adapters and indicates whether or not they are bound to Dispatch. A graph charts the combined bandwidth on tap, and settings allow for customized application routing, bandwidth caps for metered Internet feeds, and various routing strategies that maximize efficiency in marginal networking situations.

The first prerequisite is an obvious one: You need access to multiple, separate Internet connections for Dispatch to work as advertised. The hidden detail here is that combined bandwidth isn't directly additive. Two 20 Mbs connections won't yield a 40 Mbs single-socket download, for example, but they will allow for loads to be balanced and intelligently routed to an available adapter with the most suitable bandwidth. BitTorrents and other software that utilize multiple sockets will allow downloads to reach full combined speeds, however.

Next, your system will need the hardware to make practical use of those multiple internet connections. While most laptops have more than a single network interface, normally only one is wireless. This means getting the benefits of Dispatch requires either cabling up with Ethernet or adding a USB Wi-Fi dongle to your system, complicating matters somewhat, especially on the road. How often do you find Ethernet jacks outside of office environments, where connectivity is rarely an issue?

Connectify Dispatch

With a small investment of setup time and money, however, Dispatch's usefulness grows considerably. Adding one or more tiny plug-and-play Wi-Fi adapters (such as EdiMax's Nano 802.11) to unused USB ports dramatically multiplies the performance benefits of Dispatch, especially in bandwidth-starved but Wi-Fi-rich environments such as coffee shops, libraries, and trade shows. Just make sure to have all the login credentials saved before you settle down with your latte.

In fact, it's under these conditions that Dispatch really shows its potential. At home and hooked up to a stable high-speed network, the benefits are largely negligible unless your own Internet service is crummy enough that you're poaching a neighbor's Wi-Fi. But out on the road, a combination of local establishment Wi-Fi, a nearby hotspot, and a tethered 4G smartphone can yield an office-level networking experience in terms of speed and reliability.

It's a shame that Dispatch comes in at a sizable $45 for a lifetime license or $12 a quarter for subscription-based licensing, each of which is twice the price it should be. No free versions exist. The extra hardware and effort required to make the most of Dispatch means the investment doesn't stop with Connectify's charges, either.

Nevertheless, people who spend most of their laptop time in the field will want to take Dispatch for a spin and give it careful consideration. 

Connectify Dispatch

Sunday, 16 June 2013

Dell Precision T7600

We often use car metaphors to describe workstations we review – from solid reliable Volkswagons to superpowered Bugatti Veyrons. Our review model of Dell’s top-of-the-line Precision T7600 workstation is more like a customised design you’d expect someone like will.i.am to order – souped-up to ludicrous levels, but with impossible-to-figure-out configuration choices.

The T7600 is probably the best-designed workstation Dell has ever produced. Looks-wise, its exterior says ‘power’ in understated way – though to the touch it’s a bit plastic.

Open up the side of the case and you’ve easy access to most components – unlike some older Precision models. There are two slots for Xeon chips and 32 slots for RAM – plus the usual PCI Express slots for your graphics card and other devices (a hardware RAID controller on our review unit). A latch on the front reveals four 2.5-inch and four 3.5-inch drive trays that can popped out at a moment’s notice.

Our review unit had two 3.1GHz Xeon E5-2687 chips, 128GB RAM and two 256GB SSDs striped together using the controller. The chips are the most powerful on the market and just what you’d expect for the price, delivering untouchable performance in all our rendering/processing tests.

However, the inclusion of the full 128GB of RAM is this machine’s ‘fish tank in the glove compartment’ – cool in a ‘we’ve maxed out’ kinda way, but rather impractical. Few creative projects or applications will benefit from more than 32GB or 64GB – so this just smacks of willy waving on Dell’s part. Another odd choice is having only a 512GB ‘system and apps drive’ and no media drive – especially considering the price and internal space available. Maybe it’s meant to work directly off a SAN.

For graphics, our T7600 featured an AMD FirePro W8000 graphics card, which delivered exceptional frame-rates in both Cinebench and much more complex scenes in Maya. Compared to the Quadro K5000 in the Chillblast Fusion Render 5000 or the WSX6 V2, the W8000 lagged a little in Cinebench, but there was little between them in Maya. To really push them, we ran the graphics-card killing FurMark benchmark, where the K5000 was on average 40 per cent faster.

Dell’s Precision T7600 is its best high-end workstation to date, and it could be your ideal desktop system.

BlackBerry Q10

BlackBerry Q10

The second BlackBerry phone to run the BlackBerry 10 OS is the the BlackBerry Q10. Unlike the first - the BlackBerry Z10 - the Q10 will appeal to hardcore BlackBerry users with its hardware qwerty keyboard. In our BlackBerry Q10 review we look at how that keybard plays with BlackBerry's brave new world. (See also: BlackBerry Q10 price in the UK.)

To accommodate the keyboard, the Q10 has a 3.1in display, which is 25 percent smaller than the 4.2in display on the Z10 (and also smaller than the displays of most competing smartphones). I noticed this reduced real estate immediately when reading Web pages and looking at longer emails and documents (although it didn't matter at all for instant and text messages). The smaller screen doesn't invite you to watch videos or play games either, although neither is impossible.

Why? Because even at the Q10's 3.1in screen size, BlackBerry made a good choice by going with Super AMOLED (which is not quite full HD). The 720-x-720-resolution (330 pixels per inch) display shows images brighter and crisper than does the LCD screen of the Z10, and I found it especially good for watching video and reading websites with images.

Aside from differences with the keyboard and display, the Z10 and Q10 offer pretty much the same hardware. Both run dual-core 1.5GHz processors, which provide snappy performance for touches, swipes and other inputs in various applications. Both have 2GB of RAM, 16GB of storage and a microSD slot under the back cover for adding up to 32GB. Also, both have 8-megapixel rear cameras and 2-megapixel front-facing cameras. Both contain NFC chips for file exchanges and support for mobile payments.

However, the Q10 has a 2100mAh removable battery, considerably bigger than the 1800mAh battery in the Z10. The choice to have the larger touchscreen device run with a smaller battery might seem counterintuitive, since the larger screen will probably be used for viewing more power-sucking videos and games. But having the larger battery in the Q10 points to one of BlackBerry's underlying missions with the Q10: To give (hopefully) more than a full day's charge to the executives, stockbrokers, lawyers and other busy people who were the original users of BlackBerry devices.

BlackBerry rates the Q10's battery life at up to 9 hours for video playback and up to 61 hours for audio playback, with up to 13.5 hours talk time on 3G. However, I was running the Q10 on 4G HSPA+ from AT&T (LTE is not yet available where I live) and found that I could barely get a full 8 hours on a single charge after a day of using it for a variety of tasks (including some admittedly power-sucking tasks like voice commands, video and audio).

See also: what's the best BlackBerry?

BlackBerry Q10

At 139g and 119x66x10mm, the Q10 is a tad heavier, thicker and wider than the Z10 - although it is shorter.

BlackBerry Q10The Q10 has rounded corners and a gently curving top and bottom edge that are actually seductive - especially when placed beside the boxy and rectangular Z10. It feels great in the hand, with beveled edges all around the plastic back. There is a black steel edge around the entire device and a glass front above the keyboard. The back comes with a gray tweed-over-black pattern.

In fact, the profile of the Q10 is reminiscent of various BlackBerry Curve models of days gone by - the Curve 8520 being the closest. These days, however, designers have pushed the 35 hard keys into three full rows with a partial fourth row at the very bottom for the spacebar and command keys. Naturally, because of the touch screen, there's no need for the iconic BlackBerry roller ball or track pad above the keys to navigate with.

The keys are not arranged in curving rows as with older Curve models and instead are in straight rows, separated by polished stainless steel frets, not unlike a guitar. The appearance is elegant.

The keys are slightly beveled to make them easy to handle. I found that, after several days of use, I gradually went back to my old way of two-thumb fast typing, the way I used to work with an older BlackBerry (instead of pecking with my right-hand index finger while holding the phone with the left hand, which I do with modern virtual keypads). Maybe I've lost something by going virtual? With the Curve, I could type entire stories by thumbing along at a fast pace - a real advantage while covering crowded trade shows.

Aside from the keyboard, controls include a power button on the top edge and three buttons on the right for volume and other functions, the same as the Z10.

The back of the Q10 has another steel fret running horizontally just below the camera and flash ports. This rear-side fret is not flush with the plastic back cover, and rides a tad higher: According to Michael Clewley, director of handheld software product management at BlackBerry, designers created it this way to keep the back cover from getting scuffed from constantly being laid down and picked up from a desk or other surface. It's a neat design idea, although it's hard to say if it will work in the long term.

Dell OptiPlex 9010 Review - Touchcreen Windows 8 all-in-one PC for Business

The launch of the touch-centric Windows 8 spawned a host of new all-in-one (AiO) designs, most of which leave something to be desired. But with a little patience and forethought, Dell has delivered a considerably more usable touchscreen AiO: the OptiPlex 9010. And all they had to do was to put the touchscreen within easy reach.

Dell worked this minor miracle by engineering a double-jointed stand that allows you to move the display up and down and slightly forward, along with the tilt adjustment most AiO's provide. Even better, the 9010 has a standard VESA mount point, so you can also use a fully articulated wall- or desk-mounted arm for truly versatile placement. Add a minor landslide of options, top-notch security features, excellent service and warranty options, and you have an AiO that UKPLC can embrace.

Dell also remembered something that many vendors seem to forget: It's not just about looking sexy; reducing cable clutter and wasted space are equally important. In a market filled with AiOs that block the usable surface area behind them, the 9010's minimal footprint leaves all the surrounding area accessible. This allows you to either fill it up with other stuff, or to enjoy the serenity delivered by an uncluttered vista.

To keep cables to a minimum, Dell ships the 9010 with a wireless mouse and keyboard. This keyboard is one of the first Chiclet-style units we've seen on a desktop. Its action is just a hair soft, but thanks to the support of the surrounding plastic, the keys don't have the sloppy feel that you get with some Dell units. The mouse tracks well and has a nice heft, thanks to the battery inside.
Dell OptiPlex 9010
Dell OptiPlex 9010
Dell OptiPlex 9010 review: Connectivity, performance, and features
Any doubts that the 9010 all in one PC is aimed at the corporate world are dispelled by the presence of PS/2 mouse and keyboard ports found on the back of the unit. The back is also home to VGA and HDMI video outputs, gigabit ethernet, an audio output, two USB 3.0 ports, and four USB 2.0 ports to meet more modern peripherals needs.

On the left side of the PC are two more USB 3.0 ports, headset and microphone jacks, and a 8-in-1 card reader. On the lower right hand side of the display, you'll find the eject button for the optical drive, on-screen display, and power buttons. The absence of an HDMI input renders this system less attractive to consumers, because you can't use it as a display for a gaming console or a set-top box.

Our test 9010 AiO came configured with most of the top-of-the-line component options including an Intel Core i7-3770S, 8GB of DDR3/1600 memory, and a Samsung PM830, 128GB SSD. Needless to say, the machine was fast, scoring 113 on our WorldBench 8 test suite. Gaming was nothing to brag about, but the integrated Intel HD 4000 graphics did manage playable frame rates at about 1024-by-768 and lower resolutions. We didn't receive a Blu-ray player, but got a DVD-RW burner in the bay.

The 9010 AiO's display is a 23.6-inch, 1920-by-1080 widescreen that provides a very sharp picture, and even behind the thick digitizer, plenty of usable brightness. The speakers deliver adequate volume, a tiny amount of bass, and a generally sonorous experience. The unit also has a 1.3-megapixel webcam, plus dual-array mics designed to reject background noise.
The 9010 is fully secured via Intel's Trusted Platform Module (TPM), and Intel Standard Manageability provides out-of-band management capabilities (Intel vPro Technology is available as an added option). Out-of-band management enables a remote admin to take control of the system whether or not it's powered. A three-warranty with onsite service after remote diagnosis is standard. Four- and five-year warranties are also available.

The 9010 AiO is available in a ton of configurations: Drives range from 3.5-inch 250GB mechanical models to the 128GB SSD that our test model used. CPUs run the gamut, from Pentium Dual-Core to Core i3's or the Core i7-3770S that we tested.
Dell got touch right with the OptiPlex 9010. The design of its stand makes using the computer via touch a lot easier than most other AiOs we've seen, and the inclusion of a VESA mounting point renders it suitable for almost any work environment. From a purely practical point of view, it's one of the best AiOs on the market.

Friday, 18 January 2013

Output Devices Of Computer

The devices which are used to display the data to the user either in the form of hard copy or soft copy are called output devices.
 
SPEAKERS
Speakers receive the sound in the form of electric current from the sound card & convert it to sound format. These are used for listening music, chatting , seminars for presentations etc.
 
VDU (Visual Display Unit)
This is also called monitor. It is used to get the data in the form of soft copy. Their functioning is exactly similar to the television. It contains a CRT which emits the electrons to trace a regular pattern of horizontal lines on the screen.
Output Devices
PRINTER
These devices gives the hard copy of the output. These are in different types.
Impact - Have mechanical contact in between paper & printing head
Non Impact - No mechanical contact between paper & printing head
Output Devices
IMPACT
Line Printers
- print line wise (E.g. Drum Printer)
Character Printer - print character wise (E.g. Daisy Printer)
Input And Output Devices
NON IMPACT
Electromagnet Printers
  • Thermal Printers
  • Electrostatic Printers
  • Inkjet Printers
  • Laser Printers
  • LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
    These screens are used in laptops & notebook sized PCs. A special type of liquid is sandwiched between two plates. The top plate is clear & bottom plate is reflective. The molecules in these liquids are normally aligned & the computer signals are used to align these molecules.

    Sunday, 30 December 2012

    List Of Input Devices, Output Devices And Both Input Output Devices Related To Computer.

    Here, I am going to share about the list of  basic Input Devices, Output devices and  Both input-output devices  related to computer.

    Input Devices
    1. Graphics Tablets
    2. Cameras
    3. Video Capture Hardware
    4. Trackballs
    5. Barcode Reader
    6. Digital camera
    7. Gamepad
    8. Joystick
    9. Keyboard
    10. Microphone
    11. MIDI keyboard
    12. Mouse (pointing device)
    13. Scanner
    14. Webcam
    15. Touchpads
    16. Pen Input
    17. Microphone
    18. Electronic Whiteboard
    OUTPUT DEVICES
    1. Monitor
    2. Printers (all types)
    3. Plotters
    4. Projector
    5. LCD Projection Panels
    6. Computer Output Microfilm (COM)
    7. Speaker(s)
    Both Input-OutPut Devices
    1. Modems
    2. Network cards
    3. Touch Screen
  • Headsets
  • Speaker
  • FAX 
  • Audio Cards/Sound Card
  • Monday, 17 December 2012

    Input And Output Devices

    Monitor
    Monitor: An Output Device
    In computing, input/output or I/O is the communication between an information processing system (such as a computer) and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system. Inputs are the signals or data received by the system, and outputs are the signals or data sent from it. The term can also be used as part of an action; to "perform I/O" is to perform an input or output operation. I/O devices are used by a person (or other system) to communicate with a computer. For instance, a keyboard or a mouse may be an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are considered output devices for a computer. Devices for communication between computers, such as modems and network cards, typically serve for both input and output.

    Note that the designation of a device as either input or output depends on the perspective. Mouse and keyboards take as input physical movement that the human user outputs and convert it into signals that a computer can understand. The output from these devices is input for the computer. Similarly, printers and monitors take as input signals that a computer outputs. They then convert these signals into representations that human users can see or read. For a human user the process of reading or seeing these representations is receiving input. These interactions between computers and humans is studied in a field called human–computer interaction.

    In computer architecture, the combination of the CPU and main memory (i.e. memory that the CPU can read and write to directly, with individual instructions) is considered the brain of a computer, and from that point of view any transfer of information from or to that combination, for example to or from a disk drive, is considered I/O. The CPU and its supporting circuitry provide memory-mapped I/O that is used in low-level computer programming, such as the implementation of device drivers. An I/O algorithm is one designed to exploit locality and perform efficiently when data reside on secondary storage, such as a disk drive.

     Interface
    An I/O interface is required whenever the I/O device is driven by the processor. The interface must have necessary logic to interpret the device address generated by the processor. Handshaking should be implemented by the interface using appropriate commands (like BUSY, READY, and WAIT), and the processor can communicate with an I/O device through the interface. If different data formats are being exchanged, the interface must be able to convert serial data to parallel form and vice-versa. There must be provision for generating interrupts and the corresponding type numbers for further processing by the processor if required.

    A computer that uses memory-mapped I/O accesses hardware by reading and writing to specific memory locations, using the same assembly language instructions that computer would normally use to access memory.

    Higher-level implementation
    Higher-level operating system and programming facilities employ separate, more abstract I/O concepts and primitives. For example, most operating systems provide application programs with the concept of files. The C and C++ programming languages, and operating systems in the Unix family, traditionally abstract files and devices as streams, which can be read or written, or sometimes both. The C standard library provides functions for manipulating streams for input and output.

    In the context of the ALGOL 68 programming language, the input and output facilities are collectively referred to as transput. The ALGOL 68 transput library recognizes the following standard files/devices: stand in, stand out, stand errors and stand back.

    An alternative to special primitive functions is the I/O monad, which permits programs to just describe I/O, and the actions are carried out outside the program. This is notable because the I/O functions would introduce side-effects to any programming language, but this allows purely functional programming to be practical. 
    Printer: An Output Device
    Printer: An Output Device
    Addressing mode
    There are many ways through which data can be read or stored in the memory. Each method is an addressing mode, and has its own advantages and limitations.

    There are many type of addressing modes such as direct addressing, indirect addressing, immediate addressing, index addressing, based addressing, based-index addressing, implied addressing, etc.
    Direct addressing

    In this type of address of the data is a part of the instructions itself. When the processor interprets the instruction, it gets the memory address from where it can be read/written the required information. For example:[1]

    MOV register, [address] ; to read
    MOV [address], register ; to write

    ; similarly
    IN  register, [address] ; to read as input
    OUT [address], register ; to write as output

    Here the address operand points to a memory location which holds the data and copies it into/from the specified register. A pair of brackets is a deference operator.
    Indirect addressing

    According to the above example, the address can be stored in another register. Therefore, the instructions will have the register representing the address. So to fetch the data, the instruction must be interpreted appropriate register selected. The value of the register will be used for addressing appropriate memory location and then data will be read/written. This addressing method has an advantage against the direct mode that the register value is changeable so the appropriate memory location can also be dynamically selected.
     
    Port-mapped I/O
    Port-mapped I/O usually requires the use of instructions which are specifically designed to perform I/O operations.